Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 185, Issue 3, Pages R75-R91Publisher
BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-21-0277
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Funding
- FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigacion [RTI2018-099413-B-I00, RED2018-102379-T]
- Xunta de Galicia [2016-PG057, ED431C 2020/12]
- Fundacion BBVA
- Fundacion Atresmedia
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- Fundacion La Caixa
- European Community's H2020 Framework program under ERC Synergy Grant [2019-WATCH-810331]
- FEDER funds
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Obesity is a global epidemic that poses significant health and economic challenges worldwide. Recent research has highlighted the role of gut hormones in regulating energy balance, feeding behavior, energy expenditure, and weight loss. Some of these hormones can act on the hypothalamus independently of food intake to modulate thermogenesis and adiposity.
Obesity is a global pandemic with a large health and economic burden worldwide. Bodyweight is regulated by the ability of the CNS, and especially the hypothalamus, to orchestrate the function of peripheral organs that play a key role in metabolism. Gut hormones play a fundamental role in the regulation of energy balance, as they modulate not only feeding behavior but also energy expenditure and nutrient partitioning. This review examines the recent discoveries about hormones produced in the stomach and gut, which have been reported to regulate food intake and energy expenditure in preclinical models. Some of these hormones act on the hypothalamus to modulate thermogenesis and adiposity in a food intake-independent fashion. Finally, the association of these gut hormones to eating, energy expenditure, and weight loss after bariatric surgery in humans is discussed.
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