Journal
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 13, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114167
Keywords
biobanking; biomarker; immunoglobulins; individual-specific; SARS-CoV-2
Categories
Funding
- OmicEra Diagnostics GmbH
- University Hospital of LMU Munich
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) project ProDiag [01KI20377A, 01KI20377B]
- German Biobank Alliance, Munich [01EY1711C]
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The study utilized proteomics to analyze serum proteomes of COVID-19 patients and controls, finding significant changes in 26% of proteins in COVID-19 patients, including proteins related to the immune system and coagulation mechanisms. The research also revealed correlations between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and immunoglobulin regions through mass spectrometry-based proteomics, showing potential pathophysiological relevance.
A deeper understanding of COVID-19 on human molecular pathophysiology is urgently needed as a foundation for the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here we applied mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics to measure serum proteomes of COVID-19 patients and symptomatic, but PCR-negative controls, in a time-resolved manner. In 262 controls and 458 longitudinal samples of 31 patients, hospitalized for COVID-19, a remarkable 26% of proteins changed significantly. Bioinformatics analyses revealed co-regulated groups and shared biological functions. Proteins of the innate immune system such as CRP, SAA1, CD14, LBP, and LGALS3BP decreased early in the time course. Regulators of coagulation (APOH, FN1, HRG, KNG1, PLG) and lipid homeostasis (APOA1, APOC1, APOC2, APOC3, PON1) increased over the course of the disease. A global correlation map provides a system-wide functional association between proteins, biological processes, and clinical chemistry parameters. Importantly, five SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays against antibodies revealed excellent correlations with an extensive range of immunoglobulin regions, which were quantified by MS-based proteomics. The high-resolution profile of all immunoglobulin regions showed individual-specific differences and commonalities of potential pathophysiological relevance.
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