Journal
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 7, Pages 1413-1426Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210629145351
Keywords
Gut microbiota; multiple sclerosis; neuro-inflammatory diseases; gut-microbiota-brain axis; blood-brain barrier; fecal microbiota transplantation; antibiotic treatment; probiotic microbiota
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC011304]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31600820]
- Science and Technology planning project of Jilin Province [20180520110JH]
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The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) by influencing intestinal barrier permeability, initiating autoimmune responses, and disrupting blood-brain barrier integrity. This suggests that targeting the gut microbiota could be a potential therapeutic approach for MS.
The role of gut microbiota in health and diseases has been receiving increased attention recently. Emerging evidence from previous studies on gut-microbiota-brain axis highlighted the importance of gut microbiota in neurological disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from T-cell-driven, myelin-directed autoimmunity. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota in MS patients has been reported in published research studies, indicating that gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MS. Gut microbiota have also been reported to influence the initiation of disease and severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which is the animal model of MS. However, the underlying mechanisms of gut microbiota involvement in the pathogenesis of MS remain unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summerized the potential mechanisms for gut microbiota involvement in the pathogenesis of MS, including increasing the permeability of the intestinal barrier, initiating an autoimmune response, disrupting the blood-brain barrier integrity, and contributing to chronic inflammation. The possibility for gut microbiota as a target for MS therapy has also been discussed. This review provides new insight into understanding the role of gut microbiota in neurological and inflammatory diseases.
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