Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
Volume 59, Issue 1, Pages 40-53Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2021.1974334
Keywords
Endothelial cells; oxidized low-density lipoprotein; microRNAs; biomarkers; atherosclerosis
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Vascular endothelial cells respond to physicochemical stimuli, with oxidized low-density lipoprotein contributing to atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs play a role in cellular homeostasis under stress and can serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
As a simple monolayer, vascular endothelial cells can respond to physicochemical stimuli. In addition to promoting the formation of foam cells, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to the atherosclerotic process through different mechanisms, including endothelial cell dysfunction. As conserved noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) naturally lie in different genomic positions and post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of many genes. They participate in integrated networks formed under stress to maintain cellular homeostasis, vascular inflammation, and metabolism. These small RNAs constitute therapeutic targets in different diseases, including atherosclerosis, and their role as biomarkers is crucial given their detectability even years before the emergence of diseases. This review was performed to investigate the role of ox-LDL-regulated miRNAs in atherosclerosis, their molecular mechanisms, and their application as biomarkers of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.
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