Journal
CLINICAL IMAGING
Volume 74, Issue -, Pages 31-40Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.12.032
Keywords
Hepatitis; autoimmune; chronic; Diagnostic imaging
Funding
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brazil (CAPES) [001]
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Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory liver disease of unknown origin, diagnosed based on a multifactorial score and treated with immunosuppressants. Imaging plays a limited role in management, mainly helping to exclude overlapping syndromes and assess complications related to cirrhosis.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease of unknown origin that can lead to liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver transplantation or death. The diagnosis is performed upon a multifactorial score. Treatment is based on the combination of immunosuppressants and aims at clinical, laboratory and histological remission, the latter being the most difficult to be achieved and proven. The absence of liver inflammation, defined by biopsy, is the main determinant in remission or therapeutic modification. Imaging exams have a limited role in this clinical management and the main findings are those related to chronic liver disease. Imaging?s relevance, therefore, lies mainly in helping to exclude overlapping syndromes and in assessing complications related to cirrhosis, such as in screening for HCC. In recent years, however, the radiological literature has been witnessing increasing advances with regard to imaging biomarkers in liver disease, leading some authors to consider a future of virtual liver biopsy performed by magnetic resonance imaging. The present study aims to review the role of imaging in the management of AIH in the light of recent advances in the current literature and to provide an illustrated guide with the main findings described in the disease.
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