Tyrosine kinase inhibitors under investigation for the treatment of type II diabetes

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia that is the result of beta-cell failure in the setting of peripheral insulin resistance. It is estimated that greater than 300 million individuals worldwide have diabetes. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which are used to treat a variety of cancers, appear to have antihyperglycemic effects. Areas Covered: This review summarizes studies that have investigated the use of TKIs in animal models of diabetes. Additionally, the authors review case series describing the effects of TKIs on glucose levels in adults taking these drugs for FDA approved indications. Expert opinion: Given the scope and size of the worldwide diabetes epidemic, reports of amelioration or possible cure of the disease warrant special attention. TKIs appear to lower glucose levels in some, but not all individuals. Multi-center prospective studies are needed in which patient with diabetes treated with TKI undergo phenotyping to identify responders versus non responders to allow for precision medicine.