Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 420, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130446
Keywords
RGB-to-black; Multicolor coverage; Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; Viologen; Electrochromic device; Multi-stacked
Categories
Funding
- Technology Innovation Program
- Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program - Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MI, Korea) [10062383]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MEST) [2019R1A2C1088662]
- Korea government (MSIP) [NRF-2019R1A2C2002447]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10062383] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Viologen functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS-viologens) demonstrate efficient multicolor electrochromic transitions, achieving successful RGB coverage including black. Multi-stacked electrochromic devices (ECDs) show outstanding electrochromic performances, offering a universal route to high-performance and stable multicolor ECDs.
Here we demonstrate multicolor electrochromic transitions of viologen functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS-viologens). Highly efficient RGB coverage, including black, was successfully achieved with POSS-viologen employed multi-stacked electrochromic devices (ECDs). We prepared octa-viologen functionalized POSS (OHV-POSS) with the insertion of thiophene (OTxHV-POSS) and phenyl (OPhHV-POSS) moiety. The single-layer ion gel ECDs exhibited outstanding electrochromic performances. OTxHV-POSS and OHV-POSS showed red (R) and blue (B) transitions, respectively, with high transmittance changes and superb coloration efficiency. Saturated green (G) was also obtained from the mixture of OPhHV-POSS and OHV-POSS. Furthermore, multi-stacked ECDs were implemented by combining the RGB coloration layers with multiple electrodes. The two-layer ECDs generated intermediate colors, which was fully translated into the color mixing theory. The three-layer device created real black with blackness L* of 6.99, covering 12.9% of the NTSC color gamut. The unprecedented RGB-to-black multicolor coverage, not reported elsewhere, is attributable to the reversible colorswitching at a low redox potential for extended cyclic operations. Current findings imply that carefully designed POSS-viologens offer a universal route to high-performance and stable multicolor ECDs, offering compatibility with various pixelized color-changing displays and smart windows.
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