Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 414, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128892
Keywords
Li-ions hybrid supercapacitors; LiMn2O4 electrode; Electrochromic mechanism; Environment compatibility; Safe and intelligent
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52073007, 61875005, 11804018, 11904379]
- Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA [BY1719120]
- National Program on Key Research Project of China [2016YFB0303901]
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The newly proposed electrochromic Li-ions hybrid supercapacitors have interconnected microstructures and multipores, demonstrating remarkable electrochromic and energy storage performances. When paired with a transparent WO3 electrochromic capacitor-type negative electrode, an all-solid-state ELHS with impressive energy/power density and capacity retention is achieved, even at varying temperatures.
Newly proposed electrochromic Li-ions hybrid supercapacitors (ELHSs), incorporating energy storage and electrochromic functions into one hybrid system, provide huge potential for next-generation portable and intelligent electron devices. The critical next step in the future implementation is to explore a high-rate and stable battery-type electrochromic positive electrode to match the capacitive electrochromic negative electrode even under harsher environments. Herein, spinel LiMn2O4 electrodes coating with LiNbO3 thin layer (namely LMO@LNO) possess interconnected microstructures and multipores are successfully fabricated and severed as high-performance battery-type electrochromic positive electrode for ELHSs. The resulting LMO@LNO electrode exhibits remarkable electrochromic and energy storage performances, including large optical modulation (similar to 42.1%), high specific capacity (127.6 mAh g(-1)) and robust long-term electrochemical stability (over 1000 cycles). The Li-ion migration kinetics and electrochromic mechanism of the positive electrode are further comprehensively analyzed through experimental characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By pairing with a transparent WO3 electrochromic capacitor-type negative electrode, an all-solid-state ELHS with a maximum working voltage of 2.3 V is assembled, delivering an impressive energy/power density (106.1 Wh kg(-1)/574.7 W kg(-1)) and admirable capacity retention of 83.5% after 3000 cycles. Significantly, the as-obtained ELHS with excellent environmental compatibility and reversible electrochromic performance even operate at progressively varying temperatures (RT similar to 60 degrees C). This work provides a new opportunity to design next-generation safe and intelligent hybrid energy storage system for consumer electronics.
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