Journal
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
Volume 122, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104115
Keywords
3D printing concrete (3DPC); Large-scale fabrication; Printability; Reinforcements; Monolithic building printing; Permanent formwork
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundationof China [51325802, 52078358]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC0705800]
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This review focuses on large-scale extrusion-based 3D printing concrete (3DPC) technologies, which are subdivided into three categories according to different printed objects and construction processes, and compares the different printability requirements of large-scale and lab-scale 3DPC. Practical problems of large-scale 3DPC are discussed, including reinforcement constructions, preparation and remix of concrete, and different large-scale 3D printing systems.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing construction techniques have been increasingly developed in recent years and transferred into practical applications in some instances. However, knowledge of the differences between largescale 3D printing and laboratory 3D printing is still limited. In this review, large-scale extrusion-based 3D printing concrete (3DPC) technologies are subdivided into three categories according to different printed objects and construction processes: 3D printing elements, 3D printing formworks, and monolithic 3DPC on-site. The different printability requirements of large-scale and lab-scale 3DPC are compared in this paper. Then practical problems of large-scale 3DPC are discussed, including economic and environmental optimizations, reinforcement constructions, preparation and remix of concrete, and different large-scale 3D printing systems. The construction details of reinforcements implemented with various 3D printing technologies are reviewed based on several pioneering projects. Finally, some recommendations for future work are provided for facilitating the use of largescale 3DPC technology in practice of construction.
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