Effects of citronellol grafted chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives on regulating anti-inflammatory activity

In order to improve the anti-inflammatory activity of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), chitosan oligosaccharide graft citronellol derivatives (COS-g-Cit1-3) were successfully synthesized via grafting citronellol (Cit) onto COS backbone. The degrees of substitution (DS) of COS-g-Cit1-3 were 0.165, 0.199 and 0.182, respectively. The structure of COS-g-Cit1-3 was confirmed by UV?vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The in vivo antiinflammatory activity evaluation results displayed that COS-g-Cit1-3 drastically reduced the paw swelling, and the oedema inhibitions were 22.58 %, 29.03 % and 25.81 %, respectively. The results indicated that the antiinflammatory effects of COS-g-Cit1-3 were significantly higher than COS and COS-g-Cit2 exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory ability. The results also presented that COS-g-Cit1-3 reduced the expression levels of TNF-? by promoting the secretion of IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, western blot analysis data proved that COS-g-Cit1-3 inactivated the NF-?B signaling pathway via inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65, IKB? and IKK?.

Automated summary

The study successfully synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide graft citronellol derivatives and evaluated their anti-inflammatory effects, finding that they exhibited significantly higher anti-inflammatory activity compared to the original chitosan oligosaccharide, with one of them showing the strongest anti-inflammatory ability. Furthermore, the research also revealed that the grafted chitosan oligosaccharide could exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating relevant signaling pathways.