Journal
CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 81, Issue 21, Pages 5464-5476Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-0162
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Funding
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale
- Universite de Paris
- Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer [SFI20101201780, PJA 20131200363]
- Fondation de France [00016391]
- GEFLUC Association [GEFLUC2016]
- Societe de Transfert de Technologies (SATT) Ile de France Innov [ANR-10-SATT-05-01]
- Fondation de France
- SATT
- Ministere de la Recherche
- ARC
- Ligue Contre le Cancer
- Universite Paris Diderot
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Therapies targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 have significantly improved survival of patients with HER2(+) cancer. However, resistance remains a challenge, particularly in the brain metastatic setting. This study identifies a novel class of allosteric HER2 inhibitors, including a compound mimicking Moesin, which effectively inhibits HER2(+) breast tumor progression and shows significant activity on HER2(+) brain tumor progression.
Therapies targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 have significantly improved survival of patients with HER2(+) cancer. However, both de novo and acquired resistance remain a challenge, particularly in the brain metastatic setting. Here we report that, unlike other HER tyrosine kinase receptors, HER2 possesses a binding motif in its cytosolic juxtamembrane region that allows interaction with members of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) family. Under physiologic conditions, this interaction controls the localization of HER2 in ERM-enriched domains and stabilizes HER2 in a catalytically repressed state. In HER2(+) breast cancers, low expression of Moesin correlated with increased HER2 expression. Restoring expression of ERM proteins in HER2(+) breast cancer cells was sufficient to revert HER2 activation and inhibit HER2-dependent proliferation. A high-throughput assay recapitulating the HER2-ERM interaction allowed for screening of about 1,500 approved drugs. From this screen, we found Zuclopenthixol, an antipsychotic drug that behaved as a Moesin-mimicking compound, because it directly binds the juxtamembrane region of HER2 and specifically inhibits HER2 activation in HER2(+) cancers, as well as activation of oncogenic mutated and truncated forms of HER2. Zuclopenthixol efficiently inhibited HER2(+) breast tumor progression in vitro and in vivo and, more importantly, showed significant activity on HER2(+) brain tumor progression. Collectively, these data reveal a novel class of allosteric HER2 inhibitors, increasing the number of approaches to consider for intervention on HER2(+) breast cancers and brain metastases. Significance: This study demonstrates the functional role of Moesin in maintaining HER2 in a catalytically repressed state and provides novel therapeutic approaches targeting HER2(+) breast cancers and brain metastasis using Moesin-mimicking compounds.
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