Journal
BONE
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115918
Keywords
Irradiation; Sost; Bone marrow adipose; Adipocytes; Sclerostin antibody; Irradiation-induced bone damage
Categories
Funding
- Kane Foundation
- Amgen Inc.
- UCB Pharma
- NIH's National Institute of General Medical Science from: the Phase I COBRE in Metabolic Networks [P20GM121301]
- NIH [P30 GM106391]
- NIH/NHLBI [R01HL13988702]
- NIH/NCI [R37CA245330]
- American Cancer Society Research Grant [RSG19-037-01-LIB]
- NIH/NIDDK [R24 DK092759-01]
- Harvard's Skeletal Phenotyping Core (NIH/NIAMS) [P30AR075042]
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute
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Scl-Ab treatment can mitigate the detrimental effects of irradiation on bone and adipose tissue by increasing bone volume and reducing bone marrow adipose tissue. The study showed that Scl-Ab significantly increased trabecular bone volume and improved cortical thickness and area in both irradiated and non-irradiated mice.
Irradiation therapy causes bone deterioration and increased risk for skeletal-related events. Irradiation interferes with trabecular architecture through increased osteoclastic activity, decreased osteoblastic activity, and increased adipocyte expansion in the bone marrow (BM), which further compounds bone-related disease. Neutralizing antibodies to sclerostin (Scl-Ab) increase bone mass and strength by increasing bone formation and reducing bone resorption. We hypothesized that treatment with Scl-Ab would attenuate the adverse effects of irradiation by increasing bone volume and decreasing BM adipose tissue (BMAT), resulting in better quality bone. In this study, 12-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 6 Gy whole-body irradiation or were non-irradiated, then administered Scl-Ab (25 mg/kg) or vehicle weekly for 5 weeks. Femoral ?CT analysis confirmed that the overall effect of IR significantly decreased trabecular bone volume/total volume (Tb.BV/TV) (2-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001) with a -43.8% loss in Tb.BV/TV in the IR control group. Scl-Ab independently increased Tb.BV/TV by 3.07-fold in non-irradiated and 3.6-fold in irradiated mice (2-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001). Irradiation did not affect cortical parameters, although Scl-Ab increased cortical thickness and area significantly in both irradiated and non-irradiated mice (2-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001). Femoral mechanical testing confirmed Scl-Ab significantly increased bending rigidity and ultimate moment independently of irradiation (2-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001). Static and dynamic histomorphometry of the femoral metaphysis revealed osteoblast vigor, not number, was significantly increased in the irradiated mice treated with Scl-Ab. Systemic alterations were assessed through serum lipidomic analysis, which showed that Scl-Ab normalized lipid profiles in the irradiated group. This data supports the theory of sclerostin as a novel contributor to the regulation of osteoblast activity after irradiation. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that Scl-Ab ameliorates the deleterious effects of whole-body irradiation on bone and adipose tissue in a mouse model. Our findings suggest that future research into localized and systemic therapies after irradiation exposure is warranted.
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