Journal
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
Volume 188, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113336
Keywords
Terahertz spectroscopy; Graphene; Metasurface; Microfluidics; Biosensor; DNA detection
Categories
Funding
- National Science Found for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province [LR18C130001]
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This study investigates the integration of graphene with THz metasurface into a microfluidic cell for sensitive biosensing in liquid environment, demonstrating high sensitivity in detecting DNA sequences of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The results suggest the potential of the proposed graphene-metasurface microfluidic biosensor for label-free biosensing applications.
Metasurface assisted terahertz (THz) real-time and label-free biosensors have attracted intense attention. However, it is still challenging for specific detection of highly absorptive liquid samples with high sensitivity in the THz range. Here, we incorporated graphene with THz metasurface into a microfluidic cell for sensitive biosensing. The proposed THz graphene-metasurface microfluidic platform can effectively reduce the volume of the sample solution and boost the interaction between biomolecules and THz waves, thus enhancing the sensitivity. As a proof of concept, comparative experiments using other three kinds of microfluidic cells (pure microfluidic cell, metasurface-based microfluidic cell and graphene-based microfluidic cell) were conducted to explore and verify the sensing mechanism, which evidences the high sensitivity of delicate sensing based on the hybrid graphene-metasurface THz microfluidic device. Furthermore, to perform biosensing applications on that basis, specific aptamers were modified on the graphene-metasurface, enabling DNA sequences of foodborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 to be recognized. Based on the THz microfluidic biosensor, 100 nM DNA short sequences can be successfully detected. The sensing results of antibiotics and DNA based on the graphene-metasurface microfluidic biosensor confirm the superiority of the proposed design and considerable promise in THz biosensing. The novel sensing platform provides the merits of enabling highly sensitive, label-free, low-cost, easy to use, reusable, and real-time biosensing, which opens an exciting prospect for nanomaterial-metasurface hybrid structure assisted THz label-free biosensing in liquid environment.
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