Journal
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 410, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113352
Keywords
rTMS; motor cortex; Layer 2/3; Dendritic morphology; Structural plasticity; Spine density
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Funding
- Verona Brain Research Foundation [VBRF19]
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High-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) is a safe technique that can modulate neuroplasticity in different brain areas. One interesting application of HF-rTMS is promoting recovery in the primary motor cortex, with significant effects on morphological plasticity of neurons.
High-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) is a safe non-invasive neuromodulatory technique and there is a body of evidence shows that it can modulate plasticity in different brain areas. One of the most interesting application of HF-rTMS is the modulation of plasticity in primary motor cortex (M1) to promote recovery after brain injuries. However, the underlying mechanism by which HF-rTMS modulates motor cortex plasticity remain to be investigated. In this study, we investigated the effects of HF-rTMS treatment on morphological plasticity of pyramidal neurons in layer II/III (L2/3) of the primary motor cortex in mice. Our results show that the treatment did not increase anxiety in mice in the open field test and the elevated plus-maze test. Treated mice displayed increased total spine density in apical and basal dendrites, with a predominance of thin spines. The treatment also increased dendritic complexity, as assessed by Sholl analysis at both apical and basal dendrites. Collectively, the results show that HF-rTMS induced remarkable changes in dendritic complexity in primary motor cortex L2/3 connections which may strengthen corticocortical connections increasing integration of information across cortical areas. The data support the use of HF-rTMS as a circuit-targeting neuromodulation strategy.
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