Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
Volume 255, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/abff5e
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Funding
- Extreme Universe Program
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [852097]
- Israel Science Foundation [2108/18, 2752/19]
- United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF)
- Israeli Council for Higher Education Alon Fellowship
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Data-Driven Discovery grant
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNG17PX03C]
- Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation
- Heising-Simons Foundation
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- US National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Christopher R. Redlich Fund
- TABASGO Foundation
- U.C. Berkeley Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science
- Royal Society-Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship
- EU via ERC [725161]
- ISF GW excellence center
- GIF grants
- Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science
- Veronika A. Rabl Physics Discretionary Fund
- Helen and Martin Kimmel Award for Innovative Investigation
- NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE1144469]
- NSF under PIRE [1545949]
- NSF [AST-1238877]
- GROWTH (Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen) - NSF under PIRE [1545949]
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [451-03-68/2020/14/20002, 19054]
- VILLUM FONDEN
- Marie SklodowskaCurie Individual Fellowship within the Horizon 2020 European Union (EU) Framework Programme for Research and Innovation [H2020-MSCA-IF-2017-794467]
- EU H2020 ERC [758638]
- Slovenian Research Agency [I00033, P1-0031, J1-8136, Z1-1853]
- Feinberg Graduate School at the Weizmann Institute, Israel
- European Research Council [770935]
- TANGO Program of the University System of Taiwan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
- LANL
- US Department of Energy as a part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program
- NASA [NNX08AR22G]
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA)
- University of Copenhagen
- Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- US Department of Energy Office of Science
- Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah
- Max-Planck Society
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
- National Central University of Taiwan
- University ofMaryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE) - NASA
- NSF - NASA
- US Department of Energy Office of Science High Energy Physics
- Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Computational HEP program in the Department of Energy's Science Office of High Energy Physics [KA2401022]
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This study presents the photometric properties and mass distributions of host galaxies of various types of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). Differences in preferences for galaxy properties were found among different SN classes, with Type Ib/c SNe preferring galaxies with higher masses and metallicities. H-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) were scarce in galaxies with high masses, requiring environments with low metallicities and younger stellar populations as progenitors.
Several thousand core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) of different flavors have been discovered so far. However, identifying their progenitors has remained an outstanding open question in astrophysics. Studies of SN host galaxies have proven to be powerful in providing constraints on the progenitor populations. In this paper, we present all CCSNe detected between 2009 and 2017 by the Palomar Transient Factory. This sample includes 888 SNe of 12 distinct classes out to redshift z approximate to 1. We present the photometric properties of their host galaxies from the far-ultraviolet to the mid-infrared and model the host-galaxy spectral energy distributions to derive physical properties. The galaxy mass function of Type Ic, Ib, IIb, II, and IIn SNe ranges from 10(5) to 10(11.5) M (circle dot), probing the entire mass range of star-forming galaxies down to the least-massive star-forming galaxies known. Moreover, the galaxy mass distributions are consistent with models of star-formation-weighted mass functions. Regular CCSNe are hence direct tracers of star formation. Small but notable differences exist between some of the SN classes. Type Ib/c SNe prefer galaxies with slightly higher masses (i.e., higher metallicities) and star formation rates than Type IIb and II SNe. These differences are less pronounced than previously thought. H-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) and SNe Ic-BL are scarce in galaxies above 10(10) M (circle dot). Their progenitors require environments with metallicities of < 0.4 and < 1 solar, respectively. In addition, the hosts of H-poor SLSNe are dominated by a younger stellar population than all other classes of CCSNe. Our findings corroborate the notion that low metallicity and young age play an important role in the formation of SLSN progenitors.
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