On the (Mis)Interpretation of the Scattering Polarization Signatures in the Ca ii 8542 Å Line through Spectral Line Inversions

Scattering polarization tends to dominate the linear polarization signals of the Ca ii 8542 angstrom line in weakly magnetized areas (B less than or similar to 100 G), especially when the observing geometry is close to the limb. In this paper, we evaluate the degree of applicability of existing non-LTE spectral line inversion codes (which assume that the spectral line polarization is due to the Zeeman effect only) at inferring the magnetic field vector and, particularly, its transverse component. To this end, we use the inversion code STiC to extract the strength and orientation of the magnetic field from synthetic spectropolarimetric data generated with the Hanle-RT code. The latter accounts for the generation of polarization through scattering processes as well as the joint actions of the Hanle and the Zeeman effects. We find that, when the transverse component of the field is stronger than similar to 80 G, the inversion code is able to retrieve accurate estimates of the transverse field strength as well as its azimuth in the plane of the sky. Below this threshold, the scattering polarization signatures become the major contributors to the linear polarization signals and often mislead the inversion code into severely over- or underestimating the field strength. Since the line-of-sight component of the field is derived from the circular polarization signal, which is not affected by atomic alignment, the corresponding inferences are always good.

Automated summary

The study evaluates the applicability of existing spectral line inversion codes in inferring the magnetic field vector and its transverse component, finding that scattering polarization signatures may introduce significant errors in estimating magnetic field strength.