Synthesis and characterization of an experimental primer containing chitosan nanoparticles - Effect on the inactivation of metalloproteinases, antimicrobial activity and adhesive strength

Objective: The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize an experimental primer containing cationic lipid nanoparticles (NPL-chitosan) and to evaluate its properties. Design: The NPL-chitosan were synthesized by emulsion and sonication method. The experimental primers were applied in dentin surface of fifty human molars. The experimental groups were: 1) application of commercial primer; 2) Primer containing 2% of Chlorhexidine (CHX) 3); Primer with 2% NPL-chitosan 4); Primer with 0.6 % of NPL-chitosan 5); Primer with 0.4 % of NPL-chitosan. A composite resin plateau was used for the analysis, where sections were made for making the dentin beams. The effect of experimental primer with cationic nanoparticles in the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity was carrying out by in situ zymography. For the Resin-Dentin Adhesive Strength and in situ Zymography analysis, was used the One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance level of 95 %. Results: Spherical NPL-chitosan presented size below 220 nm, polydispersity index of 0.179 and zeta potential positive and was stable over 75 days. These nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity agsainst S. mutans with MIC of the 0.4 % and MBC of 0.67 %. In the Microtensile Strength, no statistical difference was observed between the experimental groups (p = 0.9054). The in situ zymography assay showed that the group with 2% of NPL-chitosan presented higher inactivation activity of MMPs compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The experimental primer containing NPL-chitosan has antimicrobial activity, does not alter the adhesive resistance and inactivates MMPs present in dentin.

Automated summary

The NPL-chitosan nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against S. mutans, with MIC of 0.4% and MBC of 0.67%, and presented stable characteristics for at least 75 days. There was no statistical difference in Microtensile Strength among the experimental groups, but the group with 2% of NPL-chitosan exhibited higher MMP inactivation activity compared to others.