Recent progress in organometallic porphyrin-based molecular materials for optical sensing, light conversion, and magnetic cooling

We present the review of fundamental parameters and properties of metalloporphyrins/phthalocyanines with axial covalent M-O/M-N bonds (M is a metal atom in the oxidation degree more than 2+) for use in the development of the chemistry of molecular materials. The porphyrin complexes covalently bonded along the axial axis are differed by the high oxidation state of a metal atom and related heightened axial reactivity compared with the corresponding derivatives of two charged metal cations, applications of which in both scientific studies and practical areas are most widely reflected in publications. The selection of chemical structures of the 3d, 4d, 5d, and 4f metal derivatives of porphyrins/phthalocyanines and study of their properties promising in the detection of bioactive organic bases, optoelectronics (active components of all-small molecular organic solar cells), and spintronics (room-temperature magnetocaloric materials) are detailed in the article. The results of the first critical analysis of this topic in the review and the insight into chemical structure effects in the function of MPXs/MPcXs as molecular materials will contribute to further development of their organometallic chemistry.

Automated summary

The review provides an overview of the fundamental parameters and properties of metalloporphyrins/phthalocyanines with axial covalent M-O/M-N bonds, highlighting their potential applications in bioactive organic base detection, optoelectronics, and spintronics. The high oxidation state and heightened axial reactivity of these complexes compared to their two charged metal cation derivatives play a significant role in their function as molecular materials.