Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 75, 2021
Volume 75, Issue -, Pages 49-69Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-031021-084116
Keywords
microbiome models; human gut microbiota; microbial 'omics; microbial culture; defined microbial communities
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Funding
- Canada Research Chairs program
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Cancer Research UK
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This review discusses the model platforms and methods available in the contemporary microbiology laboratory to study human gut microbiomes, as well as current knowledge surrounding the isolation of human gut microbes for the potential construction of defined communities for use in model systems.
The human gut microbiota is a complex community of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes and viral particles that is increasingly associated with many aspects of host physiology and health. However, the classical microbiology approach of axenic culture cannot provide a complete picture of the complex interactions between microbes and their hosts in vivo. As such, recently there has been much interest in the culture of gut microbial ecosystems in the laboratory as a strategy to better understand their compositions and functions. In this review, we discuss the model platforms and methods available in the contemporary microbiology laboratory to study human gut microbiomes, as well as current knowledge surrounding the isolation of human gut microbes for the potential construction of defined communities for use in model systems.
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