Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE
Volume 73, Issue -, Pages 455-468Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-042320-021020
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Funding
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [RC2DK122394, R01DK47722, R01DK113788, T32 DK07074]
- Gastrointestinal Research Foundation of Chicago
- David and Ellen Horing Research Fund
- Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Center for Interdisciplinary Study of Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases [P30 DK42086]
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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from the convergence of genetic risk, environmental factors, and gut microbiota. Studying the bidirectional relationship between changes in gut microbiota and disease progression is crucial for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing microbiome-based diagnostics and interventions for IBD.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) arise from a convergence of genetic risk, environmental factors, and gut microbiota, where each is necessary but not sufficient to cause disease. Emerging evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between disease progression and changes in microbiota membership and function. Thus, the study of the gut microbiome and host-microbe interactions should provide critical insights into disease pathogenesis as well as leads for developing microbiome-based diagnostics and interventions for IBD. In this article, we review the most recent advances in understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota and IBD and highlight the importance of going beyond establishing description and association to gain mechanistic insights into causes and consequences of IBD. The review aims to contextualize recent findings to form conceptional frameworks for understanding the etiopathogenesis of IBD and for the future development of microbiome-based diagnostics and interventions.
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