4.8 Article

Galectin Trafficking Pathway-Enabled Color-Switchable Detection of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization

Journal

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 93, Issue 37, Pages 12639-12647

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02387

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Funding

  1. NSFC [21775130, 91854106, 81788101]

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A novel method utilizing galectin trafficking pathway for imaging lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) was reported, using two types of glyco-dendrimers to accurately detect LMP+ lysosomes. These findings provide a new approach for studying diseased cells by integrating synthetic probes with galectin trafficking pathway.
Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) engaged in multiple human diseases is accompanied by relocation of cytosolic galectin into LMP+ lysosomes. We herein reported a galectin trafficking-targeted method to image LMP using two kinds of glyco-dendrimers, a sialic acid-terminated dendrimer labeled with pH-inert rhodamine and a lactose-terminated dendrimer labeled with fluorescein that becomes green-emissive in pH-elevated lysosomes. Albeit both accumulated in physiological lysosomes, the former is released from LMP+ lysosomes while the latter binds to galectin accumulated in LMP+ lysosomes and thus trapped in LMP+ lysosomes. Accordingly, LMP+ lysosomes exhibit loss of red fluorescence and turn-on green fluorescence due to loss of lysosomal acidity. This red-to-green color switch enables discernment of LMP+ lysosomes from physiological lysosomes and pH-elevated lysosomes and can be further utilized to detect LMP in distinct cell death pathways. These results suggest the utility of galectin trafficking pathway-integrated synthetic probes for detection of LMP, a key factor for diseased cells.

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