4.5 Review

Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia: A Narrative Review

Journal

ADVANCES IN THERAPY
Volume 38, Issue 10, Pages 5065-5077

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01912-6

Keywords

Gastric antral vascular ectasia; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Pathogenesis; Pharmacotherapy; Refractory anemia

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Treatment options for GAVE include endoscopic therapy, surgical resection, and pharmacotherapy, with limited evidence for the effectiveness of drug treatment mainly from scattered case reports or small case series.
Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon clinical entity leading to recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. There is no consensus regarding treatment of GAVE. Endoscopic therapy is the preferred treatment option, but has a fairly high recurrence rate. Surgical resection can completely resolve GAVE, but is invasive with a relatively high risk of postoperative complications. Recently, the role of pharmacotherapy for GAVE has been recognized. However, the evidence is limited to scattered case reports or small case series. This review comprehensively summarizes the efficacy and side effects of drugs commonly used for the treatment of GAVE, including octreotide, cyproheptadine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, estrogen-progesterone, thalidomide, bevacizumab, and tranexamic acid.

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