Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 33, Issue 44, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103974
Keywords
electrocardiogram; neonates; pediatrics; physiological monitoring; soft electronics; wireless wearables
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (NSF) [1842165]
- Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [12072057]
- LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program [XLYC2007196]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [DUT20RC(3)032]
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics at Northwestern University
- Hartwell Individual Biomedical Award
- Division Of Graduate Education
- Direct For Education and Human Resources [1842165] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Continuous monitoring of vital signs is crucial for neonatal and pediatric intensive care units, especially for extremely premature and critically ill patients. Optimized materials, open layouts, and precurved designs significantly improve the current sensor platforms, reducing skin injuries, promoting moisture release, and enabling triggered reduction of adhesion to minimize potential harm from device removal. Systematic benchtop testing and computational modeling identify key mechanisms and considerations for continuous, clinical-grade monitoring of conventional vital signs and unconventional health indicators.
Continuous monitoring of vital signs is an essential aspect of operations in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (NICUs and PICUs), of particular importance to extremely premature and/or critically ill patients. Current approaches require multiple sensors taped to the skin and connected via hard-wired interfaces to external data acquisition electronics. The adhesives can cause iatrogenic injuries to fragile, underdeveloped skin, and the wires can complicate even the most routine tasks in patient care. Here, materials strategies and design concepts are introduced that significantly improve these platforms through the use of optimized materials, open (i.e., holey) layouts and precurved designs. These schemes 1) reduce the stresses at the skin interface, 2) facilitate release of interfacial moisture from transepidermal water loss, 3) allow visual inspection of the skin for rashes or other forms of irritation, 4) enable triggered reduction of adhesion to reduce the probability for injuries that can result from device removal. A combination of systematic benchtop testing and computational modeling identifies the essential mechanisms and key considerations. Demonstrations on adult volunteers and on a neonate in an operating NICUs illustrate a broad range of capabilities in continuous, clinical-grade monitoring of conventional vital signs, and unconventional indicators of health status.
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