Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 33, Issue 26, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101275
Keywords
energy density; lithium batteries; power density; scalable systems; thick electrodes
Categories
Funding
- Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties, an Energy Frontier Research Center - DOE-BES [DE-SC0012673]
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The pursuit of higher energy and power outputs in batteries has led researchers to focus on optimizing electrode thickness and other key design parameters to achieve higher cell-level energy and power densities. Strategies to simultaneously enhance energy and power output have been elaborated upon, while remaining challenges towards scalable high-energy/power energy-storage systems have been highlighted.
The ever-growing needs for renewable energy demand the pursuit of batteries with higher energy/power output. A thick electrode design is considered as a promising solution for high-energy batteries due to the minimized inactive material ratio at the device level. Most of the current research focuses on pushing the electrode thickness to a maximum limit; however, very few of them thoroughly analyze the effect of electrode thickness on cell-level energy densities as well as the balance between energy and power density. Here, a realistic assessment of the combined effect of electrode thickness with other key design parameters is provided, such as active material fraction and electrode porosity, which affect the cell-level energy/power densities of lithium-LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (Li-NMC622) and lithium-sulfur (Li-S) cells as two model battery systems, is provided. Based on the state-of-the-art lithium batteries, key research targets are quantified to achieve 500 Wh kg(-1)/800 Wh L-1 cell-level energy densities and strategies are elaborated to simultaneously enhance energy/power output. Furthermore, the remaining challenges are highlighted toward realizing scalable high-energy/power energy-storage systems.
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