Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 33, Issue 27, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100836
Keywords
bound states in the continuum; flexible metasurfaces; nanophotonic devices; switchable active metasurfaces; terahertz metamaterial sensors
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Funding
- Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) [MOE2016-T3-1-006, MOE2017-T2-1-110]
- National Research Foundation Singapore [NRF-CRP23-2019-0005]
- UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/M009122/1, EP/T02643X/1]
- Australian Research Council through the Centres of Excellence scheme [CE200100010]
- EPSRC [EP/T02643X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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This research demonstrates the creation of a dynamically controllable quasi-bound state in the continuum (QBIC) with ultrahigh quality factor by embedding nanometric dielectric or semiconductor layers on a symmetric metallic metasurface at terahertz frequencies. The photoexcitation of nanostrips of germanium enables ultrafast switching of a QBIC resonance with significant transmission intensity modulation, presenting opportunities for active micro-nanophotonic devices. An optimization model is provided for (switchable) QBIC resonances in metamaterial arrays, which can serve as an enabling platform for active micro-nanophotonic devices.
A bound state in the continuum (BIC) is a nonradiating state of light embedded in the continuum of propagating modes providing drastic enhancement of the electromagnetic field and its localization at micro-nanoscale. However, access to such modes in the far-field requires symmetry breaking. Here, it is demonstrated that a nanometric dielectric or semiconductor layer, 1000 times thinner than the resonant wavelength (lambda/1000), induces a dynamically controllable quasi-bound state in the continuum (QBIC) with ultrahigh quality factor in a symmetric metallic metasurface at terahertz frequencies. Photoexcitation of nanostrips of germanium activates ultrafast switching of a QBIC resonance with 200% transmission intensity modulation and complete recovery within 7 ps on a low-loss flexible substrate. The nanostrips also form microchannels that provide an opportunity for BIC-based refractive index sensing. An optimization model is presented for (switchable) QBIC resonances of metamaterial arrays of planar symmetric resonators modified with any (active) dielectric for inverse metamaterial design that can serve as an enabling platform for active micro-nanophotonic devices.
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