4.5 Review

Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant

Journal

CHILDREN-BASEL
Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/children8040281

Keywords

surfactant protein; surfactant lipids; infants of a diabetic mother; respiratory distress syndrome; lung development; hyperglycemia

Categories

Ask authors/readers for more resources

The association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized, with increased obesity and diabetes prevalence leading to more pregnant women being overweight and diabetic. Challenges in glycemic control during pregnancy may impact surfactant synthesis and contribute to respiratory distress in newborns.
Respiratory distress is a significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. An association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized for decades. As obesity and diabetes prevalence have increased over the past several decades, more women are overweight and diabetic in the first trimester, and many more pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Glycemic control during pregnancy can be challenging due to the maternal need for higher caloric intake and higher insulin resistance. Surfactant is a complex molecule at the alveolar air-liquid interface that reduces surface tension. Impaired surfactant synthesis is the primary etiology of RDS. In vitro cell line studies, in vivo animal studies with diabetic rat offspring, and clinical studies suggest hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can disrupt surfactant lipid and protein synthesis, causing delayed maturation in surfactant in IDMs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for surfactant dysfunction in IDMs may improve clinical strategies to prevent diabetes-related complications and improve neonatal outcomes.

Authors

I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.

Reviews

Primary Rating

4.5
Not enough ratings

Secondary Ratings

Novelty
-
Significance
-
Scientific rigor
-
Rate this paper

Recommended

No Data Available
No Data Available