Journal
BIOMEDICINES
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050526
Keywords
alternative splicing; telomerase; splice variants; human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT); telomeres; lymphocytes; endonuclease G; apoptosis
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Funding
- Russian Federation fundamental research program for the long-term period for 2021-2030 [0518- 2021- 0003] Funding Source: Medline
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Alternative splicing of hTERT pre-mRNA regulates telomerase activity and determines cell functions. In addition to telomerase activity regulation, alternative splicing provides cells with splice variants that may have alternative biological activities.
Alternative splicing (AS) of human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase) pre-mRNA strongly regulates telomerase activity. Several proteins can regulate AS in a cell type-specific manner and determine the functions of cells. In addition to being involved in telomerase activity regulation, AS provides cells with different splice variants that may have alternative biological activities. The modulation of telomerase activity through the induction of hTERT AS is involved in the development of different cancer types and embryos, and the differentiation of stem cells. Regulatory T cells may suppress the proliferation of target human and murine T and B lymphocytes and NK cells in a contact-independent manner involving activation of TERT AS. This review focuses on the mechanism of regulation of hTERT pre-mRNA AS and the involvement of splice variants in physiological and pathological processes.
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