Journal
ACS OMEGA
Volume 6, Issue 14, Pages 9577-9586Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00128
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Funding
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
- Junta de Andalucia (Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades) [1262884]
- Brazilian governmental agency Coordenacao de Aperfeiccommaoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Programa Institucional de Internacionalizacao of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (CAPES/PRINT-UFSC) [88887.310569/2018-00]
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The study evaluated the performance of a cellulose-paper modified with polyamide-titanium dioxide nanocomposite in efficiently degrading estrogens under solar light, highlighting the sustainable potential of photocatalysis technology on a global scale. Additionally, the research discussed the recyclability of the nanocomposite materials and strategies to improve treatment efficiency.
Clean water is one of the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations for 2030. The development of effective but worldwide affordable strategies is essential to guarantee this achievement. Photocatalysis technology fulfills these criteria whenever the photocatalyst is sustainable and nontoxic. In this article, a cellulose-paper modified with a polyamide-titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite by dip-coating is evaluated to degrade estrogens efficiently under solar light. The study deepens on the synergic combination of the sorptive capacity of the polyamide and the activity of TiO2. The photocatalytic performance was studied under artificial and sunlight in a miniaturized experimental setup (batch of six reactors). Also, the effects of the dispersed/immobilized catalyst, irradiation time, and adsorption evaluation were studied under kinetic conditions. The photocatalyst composition, considering the polyamide (nylon-6) and TiO2 amounts and the dipping cycles, was studied by a response surface methodology, and the reusability of the photocatalytic cellulose-paper was investigated. The LED source provided removal efficiencies of 65, 62, and 52% (for estrone, 17 beta-estradiol, and estriol, respectively) after 420 min of light exposure. Under sunlight, the efficiency increased up to 99.5% for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol and 98.5% for estriol after 180 min of irradiation. The sustainable character of the cellulosic substrate, the low toxicity of the nanocomposite ingredients, and its performance under sunlight make the material attractive for in-field application.
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