Journal
PLANTS-BASEL
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants10040773
Keywords
alien species; expansion; IAS; invasion; urban invasions; Central Europe; Torun
Categories
Funding
- funds for the science of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland, Emerging Field Ecology & Biodiversity, and Research Team Urban Soil Environment
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The research aimed to identify the main vectors and distribution pattern of invasive alien species of plants in the city environment, analyzing the data collected from 515 permanent plots over a 42-year period. The study found significant correlations between species distribution and soil and habitat types, providing valuable insights for local efforts in managing and controlling invasive species.
Invasive alien species (IAS) is a global problem that largely relates to human activities and human settlements. To prevent the further spread of IAS, we first need to know their pattern of distribution, to determine which constitutes the greatest threat, and understand which habitats and migration pathways they prefer. Our research aimed to identify the main vectors and distribution pattern of IAS of plants in the city environment. We checked the relations between species distribution and such environmental factors as urban soil type and habitat type. We applied data on IAS occurrence (collected in the period 1973-2015) in 515 permanent plots with dimensions of 0.5 x 0.5 km and analyzed by direct ordination methods. In total, we recorded 66 IAS. We found a 27% variance in the IAS distribution pattern, which can be explained by statistically significant soil and habitat types. The most important for species distribution were: river and alluvial soils, forests and related rusty soils, and places of intensive human activities, including areas of urbisols and industriosols. Our results provide details that can inform local efforts for the management and control of invasive species, and they provide evidence of the different associations between natural patterns and human land use.
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