Computational theory-driven studies of reinforcement learning and decision-making in addiction: what have we learned?

Computational psychiatry provides a powerful new approach for linking the behavioral manifestations of addiction to their precise cognitive and neurobiological substrates. However, this emerging area of research is still limited in important ways. While research has identified features of reinforcement learning and decision-making in substance users that differ from health, less emphasis has been placed on capturing addiction cycles/states dynamically, within person. In addition, the focus on few behavioral variables at a time has precluded more detailed consideration of related processes and heterogeneous clinical profiles. We propose that a longitudinal and multidimensional examination of value-based processes, a type of dynamic ?computational fingerprint?, will provide a more complete understanding of addiction as well as aid in developing better tailored and timed interventions.

Automated summary

Computational psychiatry offers a new approach to linking addictive behaviors to cognitive and neurobiological factors, but current research is limited in capturing addiction cycles/states dynamically and focusing on only a few behavioral variables at a time. A longitudinal and multidimensional examination of value-based processes could provide a more comprehensive understanding of addiction and help in developing tailored and timely interventions.