Journal
MICROORGANISMS
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050896
Keywords
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; pine wilt disease; fungal-community structure; functional structure; microbe-host interaction
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31870474, 165010015]
- Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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The study found that the fungal richness, diversity, and evenness in the needles of diseased trees were significantly lower than healthy ones, while no differences were found in the roots and soil. Functionally, saprotrophs had a higher abundance in the needles of diseased trees, whereas symbiotrophs abundance was higher in the needles of healthy trees.
Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is globally one of the most destructive diseases of pine forests, especially in China. However, little is known about the effect of PWD on the host microbiome. In this study, the fungal community and functional structures in the needles, roots, and soil of and around Pinus thunbergii naturally infected by PWN were investigated by using high-throughput sequencing coupled with the functional prediction (FUNGuild). The results showed that fungal richness, diversity, and evenness in the needles of diseased trees were significantly lower than those of healthy ones (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were found in the roots and soil. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that the fungal community and functional structures significantly differed only in the needles of diseased and healthy trees, but not in the soil and roots. Functionally, the saprotrophs had a higher abundance in the needles of diseased trees, whereas symbiotrophs abundance was higher in the needles of healthy trees (linear discriminant analysis (LDA) > 2.0, p < 0.05). These results indicated that PWN infection primarily affected the fungal community and functional structures in the needles of P. thunbergii, but not the roots and soil.
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