Journal
MICROORGANISMS
Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040819
Keywords
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus; extremophiles; quorum sensing; α -amylase; trans-cinnamaldehyde; UPLC; MRM
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Anoxybacillus amylolyticus produces N-butanoyl-homoserine lactone, a signal molecule that may regulate extracellular alpha-amylase activity through QS signaling.
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus is a moderate thermophilic microorganism producing an exopolysaccharide and an extracellular alpha-amylase able to hydrolyze starch. The synthesis of several biomolecules is often regulated by a quorum sensing (QS) mechanism, a chemical cell-to-cell communication based on the production and diffusion of small molecules named autoinducers, most of which belonging to the N-acyl homoserine lactones' (AHLs) family. There are few reports about this mechanism in extremophiles, in particular thermophiles. Here, we report the identification of a signal molecule, the N-butanoyl-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), from the milieu of A. amylolyticus. Moreover, investigations performed by supplementing a known QS inhibitor, trans-cinnamaldehyde, or exogenous C4-HSL in the growth medium of A. amylolyticus suggested the involvement of QS signaling in the modulation of extracellular alpha-amylase activity. The data showed that the presence of the QS inhibitor trans-cinnamaldehyde in the medium decreased amylolytic activity, which, conversely, was increased by the effect of exogenous C4-HSL. Overall, these results represent the first evidence of the production of AHLs in thermophilic microorganisms, which could be responsible for a communication system regulating thermostable alpha-amylase activity.
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