Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom11040562
Keywords
blood-brain barrier; glioblastoma; neurodegenerative diseases; neuroinflammation; protease-activated receptor; prothrombin; TBI; thrombin
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Funding
- Ari and Regine Aprijaskis Fund
- Adelson Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases and Chair Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Thrombin is a serine protease involved in coagulation, inflammation, cell protection, and apoptosis with both neuroprotective and pathological effects in the brain. Further research is needed to fully understand its role in normal and pathological processes in the central nervous system.
Thrombin is a Na+-activated allosteric serine protease of the chymotrypsin family involved in coagulation, inflammation, cell protection, and apoptosis. Increasingly, the role of thrombin in the brain has been explored. Low concentrations of thrombin are neuroprotective, while high concentrations exert pathological effects. However, greater attention regarding the involvement of thrombin in normal and pathological processes in the central nervous system is warranted. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of thrombin action, localization, and functions in the central nervous system and describe the involvement of thrombin in stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and primary central nervous system tumors. We aim to comprehensively characterize the role of thrombin in neurological disease and injury.
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