Journal
AGRONOMY-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11050867
Keywords
root-lesion nematode; Pratylenchus thornei; crown rot; Fusarium pseudograminearum; wheat; durum; barley; soil fumigation; DNA based diagnosis
Categories
Funding
- Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) [CSO250]
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
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The study found a close relationship between grain yield of wheat cultivars and their tolerance to soil nematodes, highlighting the importance of crop rotation with resistant and tolerant cultivars for the success of conservation farming.
In two experiments on a farm practicing conservation agriculture, the grain yield of a range of wheat cultivars was significantly (p < 0.001) negatively related to the post-harvest population densities of Pratylenchus thornei in the soil profile to 45 cm depth. In a third and fourth experiment with different rotations, methyl bromide fumigation significantly (p < 0.05) decreased (a) a low initial population density of P. thornei in the soil profile to 90 cm depth and (b) a high initial population of P. thornei to 45 cm depth, and a medium level of the crown rot fungus, Fusarium pseudograminearum, at 0-15 cm depth to a low level. For a range of wheat and durum cultivars, grain yield and response to fumigation were highly significantly (p < 0.001) related to (a) the P. thornei tolerance index of the cultivars in the third experiment, and (b) to both the P. thornei tolerance index and the crown rot resistance index in the fourth experiment. In the latter, grain yield was significantly (p < 0.001) positively related to biomass at anthesis and negatively related to percentage whiteheads at grain fill growth stage. One barley cultivar was more tolerant to both diseases than the wheat and durum cultivars. Crop rotation, utilizing crop cultivars resistant and tolerant to both P. thornei and F. pseudograminearum, is key to success for conservation farming in this region.
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