Journal
PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050657
Keywords
aerosol; breath-triggered drug release; nasal prong; preterm neonate; real-time measurement; surfactant
Categories
Funding
- European Union (EU) [814654]
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [GS2SH016]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [814654] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
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A novel nasal prong with integrated valve was developed for preterm neonates, enabling breath-triggered drug release and significantly increasing inhaled drug efficiency.
A major disadvantage of inhalation therapy with continuous drug delivery is the loss of medication during expiration. Developing a breath-triggered drug release system can highly decrease this loss. However, there is currently no breath-triggered drug release directly inside the patient interface (nasal prong) for preterm neonates available due to their high breathing frequency, short inspiration time and low tidal volume. Therefore, a nasal prong with an integrated valve releasing aerosol directly inside the patient interface increasing inhaled aerosol efficiency is desirable. We integrated a miniaturized aerosol valve into a nasal prong, controlled by a double-stroke cylinder. Breathing was simulated using a test lung for preterm neonates on CPAP respiratory support. The inhalation flow served as a trigger signal for the valve, releasing humidified surfactant. Particle detection was performed gravimetrically (filter) and optically (light extinction). The integrated miniaturized aerosol valve enabled breath-triggered drug release inside the patient interface with an aerosol valve response time of <25 ms. By breath-triggered release of the pharmaceutical aerosol as a bolus during inhalation, the inhaled aerosol efficiency was increased by a factor of >4 compared to non-triggered release. This novel nasal prong with integrated valve allows breath-triggered drug release directly inside the nasal prong with short response time.
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