4.6 Article

YTHDF1 Is a Potential Pan-Cancer Biomarker for Prognosis and Immunotherapy

Journal

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.607224

Keywords

YTHDF1; prognosis; tumor microenvironment; immune infiltration; immunotherapy; human cancer

Categories

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [81902592]
  2. Hunan Province Key RD Program [2019SK2202]
  3. Xiangya Hospital Youth Fund [2018Q09]

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YTHDF1 is implicated in human cancers with potential as a prognostic and immunological biomarker across cancer types. It plays a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, immune regulation, and has associations with prognosis, immune checkpoints, and tumor mutational burden. YTHDF1 may serve as a novel target for tumor immunotherapy.
Background YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1) has been indicated proven to participate in the cross-presentation of tumor antigens in dendritic cells and the cross-priming of CD8+ T cells. However, the role of YTHDF1 in prognosis and immunology in human cancers remains largely unknown. Methods All original data were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases and integrated via R 3.2.2. YTHDF1 expression was explored with the Oncomine, TIMER, GEPIA, and BioGPS databases. The effect of YTHDF1 on prognosis was analyzed via GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and the PrognoScan database. The TISIDB database was used to determine YTHDF1 expression in different immune and molecular subtypes of human cancers. The correlations between YTHDF1 expression and immune checkpoints (ICP), tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and neoantigens in human cancers were analyzed via the SangerBox database. The relationships between YTHDF1 expression and tumor-infiltrated immune cells were analyzed via the TIMER and GEPIA databases. The relationships between YTHDF1 and marker genes of tumor-infiltrated immune cells in urogenital cancers were analyzed for confirmation. The genomic alterations of YTHDF1 were investigated with the c-BioPortal database. The differential expression of YTHDF1 in urogenital cancers with different clinical characteristics was analyzed with the UALCAN database. YTHDF1 coexpression networks were studied by the LinkedOmics database. Results In general, YTHDF1 expression was higher in tumors than in paired normal tissue in human cancers. YTHDF1 expression had strong relationships with prognosis, ICP, TMB, MSI, and neoantigens. YTHDF1 plays an essential role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and participates in immune regulation. Furthermore, significant strong correlations between YTHDF1 expression and tumor immune-infiltrated cells (TILs) existed in human cancers, and marker genes of TILs were significantly related to YTHDF expression in urogenital cancers. TYHDF1 coexpression networks mostly participated in the regulation of immune response and antigen processing and presentation. Conclusion YTHDF1 may serve as a potential prognostic and immunological pan-cancer biomarker. Moreover, YTHDF1 could be a novel target for tumor immunotherapy.

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