Circular RNA in Chemonaive Lymph Node Negative Colon Cancer Patients

Simple Summary Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most common types of cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) appear to play an important role in tumor progression of CC. They are stably expressed in saliva, blood, and exosomes, potentially rendering them promising biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CC. In this study we describe the identification of an extensive catalog of circRNAs in a large cohort of 181 chemonaive, stage I/II primary colon tumors and related circRNA expression to consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), microsatellite instability (MSI) status and clinical outcome. We observed that a high diversity in circRNAs was associated with favorable disease-free survival, and that several circRNAs were associated with MSI and CMS, demonstrating the potential clinical value of circRNAs in CC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) appear important in tumor progression of colon cancer (CC). We identified an extensive catalog of circRNAs in 181 chemonaive stage I/II colon tumors, who underwent curative surgery between 2007 and 2014. We identified circRNAs from RNAseq data, investigated common biology related to circRNA expression, and studied the association between circRNAs and relapse status, tumor stage, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), tumor localization and microsatellite instability (MSI). We identified 2606 unique circRNAs. 277 circRNAs (derived from 260 genes) were repeatedly occurring in at least 20 patients of which 153 showed a poor or even negative (R < 0.3) correlation with the expression level of their linear gene. The circular junctions for circSATB2, circFGD6, circKMT2C and circPLEKHM3 were validated by Sanger sequencing. Multiple correspondence analysis showed that circRNAs were often co-expressed and that high diversity in circRNAs was associated with favorable disease-free survival (DFS), which was confirmed by Cox regression analysis (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.97, p = 0.036). Considering individual circRNAs, absence of circMGA was significantly associated with relapse, whereas circSATB2, circNAB1, and circCEP192 were associated with both MSI and CMS. This study represents a showcase of the potential clinical utility of circRNAs for prognostic stratification in patients with stage I-II colon cancer and demonstrated that high diversity in circRNAs is associated with favorable DFS.

Automated summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in tumor progression of colon cancer (CC) and have potential clinical value as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. A large cohort study identified a diverse catalog of circRNAs in stage I/II colon tumors and found that high circRNA diversity was associated with favorable disease-free survival (DFS). Specific circRNAs were also associated with MSI and CMS, highlighting their potential utility for prognostic stratification in patients with early-stage colon cancer.