Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 7, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf5676
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31871051, 31900711, 31930050]
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [18JC1420302]
- innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai
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Through rabies-virus tracing and optogenetics-assisted recording, this study revealed the selectivity of different neurons to long-range connections in various brain regions along the hierarchy of visual processing. The results showed that bottom-up and top-down inputs prefer PV+ and VIP+ neurons respectively, providing important clues for hierarchical information flow in the brain.
Sensory processing is subjected to modulation by behavioral contexts that are often mediated by long-range inputs to cortical interneurons, but their selectivity to different types of interneurons remains largely unknown. Using rabies-virus tracing and optogenetics-assisted recording, we analyzed the long-range connections to various brain regions along the hierarchy of visual processing, including primary visual cortex, medial association cortices, and frontal cortices. We found that hierarchical corticocortical and thalamocortical connectivity is reflected by the relative weights of inputs to parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive (VIP+) neurons within the conserved local circuit motif, with bottom-up and top-down inputs preferring PV+ and VIP+ neurons, respectively. Our algorithms based on innervation weights for these two types of local interneurons generated testable predictions of the hierarchical position of many brain areas. These results support the notion that preferential long-range inputs to specific local interneurons are essential for the hierarchical information flow in the brain.
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