Journal
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.667803
Keywords
human zinc transporter 1; cation diffusion facilitator; C-terminal domain; small-angle X-ray scattering; membrane proteins
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Funding
- Australian Research Council [DP160101702]
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In this study, it was demonstrated that human ZnT1 and its variant can be expressed and purified in yeast cells, with the purified hZnT1 variant showing Zn2+/H+ antiporter activity. Additionally, the soluble C-terminal domain of hZnT1 was successfully expressed, purified, and characterized in a bacterial expression system, showing an increase in melting temperature at acidic pH and forming a dimer in solution based on small-angle X-ray scattering analysis.
Human zinc transporter 1 (hZnT1) belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family. It plays a major role in transporting zinc (Zn2+) from the cytoplasm across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular space thereby protecting cells from Zn2+ toxicity. Through homology with other CDF family members, ZnT1 is predicted to contain a transmembrane region and a soluble C-terminal domain though little is known about its biochemistry. Here, we demonstrate that human ZnT1 and a variant can be produced by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and purified in the presence of detergent and cholesteryl hemisuccinate. We show that the purified hZnT1 variant has Zn2+/H+ antiporter activity. Furthermore, we expressed, purified and characterized the soluble C-terminal domain of hZnT1 (hZnT1-CTD) in a bacterial expression system. We found that the hZnT1-CTD melting temperature increases at acidic pH, thus, we used an acetate buffer at pH 4.5 for purifications and concentration of the protein up to 12 mg/mL. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of hZnT1-CTD is consistent with the formation of a dimer in solution with a V-shaped core.
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