Journal
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
Volume 15, Issue 5, Pages 649-656Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0830-0
Keywords
FASN; MGLL; lipid metabolism; tumor invasion; metastasis
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81672637, 81872164]
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This article discusses the key factors involved in metabolic reprogramming and abnormal lipid metabolism in tumorigenesis, focusing on the roles of fatty acid synthase and monoacylglycerol esterase, as well as their relationship with tumor invasion and metastasis.
Tumorigenesis involves metabolic reprogramming and abnormal lipid metabolism, which is manifested by increased endogenous fat mobilization, hypertriglyceridemia, and increased fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key enzyme for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, and monoacylglycerol esterase (MGLL) is an important metabolic enzyme that converts triglycerides into free fatty acids. Both enzymes play an important role in lipid metabolism and are associated with tumor-related signaling pathways, the most common of which is the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. They can also regulate the immune microenvironment, participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and then regulate tumor invasion and metastasis. Current literature have shown that these two genes are abnormally expressed in many types of tumors and are highly correlated with tumor migration and invasion. This article introduces the structures and functions of FASN and MGLL, their relationship with abnormal lipid metabolism, and the mechanism of the regulation of tumor invasion and metastasis and reviews the research progress of the relationship of FASN and MGLL with tumor invasion and metastasis.
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