Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645168
Keywords
aryl hydrocarbon receptor; AhR; intestine; microbiota; tryptophan; immunity
Categories
Funding
- INSERM
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-LABX-0043, ANR-17CE15-0011-01]
- European Union [842535]
- Institut Curie
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [842535] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-10-LABX-0043] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Nutrition can modulate the immune system through metabolites, particularly acting as agonists of the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Indoles and tryptophan catabolites from diet and commensal bacteria play a role in immune cell function and inflammatory disorders.
Accumulating evidence indicates that nutrition can modulate the immune system through metabolites, either produced by host digestion or by microbiota metabolism. In this review, we focus on dietary metabolites that are agonists of the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor, initially characterized for its interaction with xenobiotic pollutants. Numerous studies have shown that AhR also recognizes indoles and tryptophan catabolites originating from dietary compounds and commensal bacteria. Here, we review recent work employing diet manipulation to address the impact of nutritional AhR agonists on immune responses, both locally in the intestine and at distant sites. In particular, we examine the physiological role of these metabolites in immune cell development and functions (including T lymphocytes, innate-like lymphoid cells, and mononuclear phagocytes) and their effect in inflammatory disorders.
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