Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641427
Keywords
HCT; endothelial dysfunction; SOS; GvHD; TA-TMA; biomarkers
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Endothelial cell dysfunction after hematopoietic stem cell transplant can lead to early complications such as GVHD, TA-TMA, and SOS, which remain a major obstacle for successful transplant. While various biomarkers have been studied for detecting endothelial cell dysfunction post-transplant, validation is still limited.
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction causes a number of early and life-threatening post hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) complications that result in a rapid clinical decline. The main early complications are graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Post-HCT endothelial dysfunction occurs as a result of chemotherapy, infections, and allogeneic reactivity. Despite major advances in transplant immunology and improvements in supportive care medicine, these complications represent a major obstacle for successful HCT. In recent years, different biomarkers have been investigated for early detection of post-transplant endothelial cell dysfunction, but few have been validated. In this review we will define GVHD, TA-TMA and SOS, summarize the current data available in HCT biomarker research and identify promising biomarkers for detection and diagnosis of early HCT complications.
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