Journal
CRYSTALS
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cryst11050461
Keywords
thermal behavior; time lag; decrement factor; energy consumption; concrete
Funding
- Curtin University Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
- Ministry of Higher Education through FRGS Grant [FRGS/1/2019/TK10/UNIMAS/02/4]
- Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, Yemen
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Residential energy consumption is primarily influenced by heating and cooling systems, with concrete thermal properties directly affecting human comfort in buildings. This paper experimentally studied the impact of concrete compressive strength and thermal properties on energy efficiency, finding that density governs compressive strength and air pockets play a crucial role in thermal properties. Energy analysis showed that structural lightweight concrete could save approximately 50% of residential energy consumption.
Residential consumption dominates the energy expenditure of heating and cooling systems, especially in tropical climates where building envelopes play an important role in energy efficiency. The thermal properties of concrete that are commonly employed as the building envelope material affect directly human comfort in a building. In addressing both the concrete thermal performance and industrial waste issues, this paper experimentally studies the concrete compressive strength and thermal properties used later for comparative energy analysis for human comfort. Four design mixes and a conventional concrete as control specimen are considered utilizing industrial wastes; palm oil fly ash (POFA), lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA), oil palm shell (OPS), and quarry dust, as constituents. These mixes are cast for cube compressive strength (to ensure the achievement of structural concrete requirement) and small-scaled wall tests. The measurement of surface temperatures of scaled wall tests is conducted in a polystyrene box to determine the concrete time lag and decrement factor. It is found that the density of concrete governs the compressive strength and that air pockets in the concrete matrix play an essential role as far as the thermal properties are concerned. From the energy analysis, structural lightweight concrete may save approximately 50% of the residential energy consumption.
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