4.6 Article

Cognitive Modeling of Task Switching in Discretionary Multitasking Based on the ACT-R Cognitive Architecture

Journal

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/app11093967

Keywords

task switching; cognitive model; ACT-R; cognitive architecture; discretionary multitasking

Funding

  1. Transportation and Logistics R&D Program - Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of the Korean government [19TLRP-B131486-03]
  2. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2018R1D1A1A09084291]

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Discretionary multitasking and ACT-R modeling are crucial in research on multitasking, with the results showing that the ACT-R model has good predictive ability for task switching in discretionary multitasking and high accuracy in predicting human behavior.
Discretionary multitasking has emerged as a prevalent and important domain in research on human-computer interaction. Studies on modeling based on cognitive architectures such as ACT-R to gain insight into and predict human behavior in multitasking are critically important. However, studies on ACT-R modeling have mainly focused on concurrent and sequential multitasking, including scheduled task switching. Therefore, in this study, an ACT-R cognitive model of task switching in discretionary multitasking was developed to provide an integrated account of when and how humans decide on switching tasks. Our model contains a symbolic structure and subsymbolic equations that represent the cognitive process of task switching as self-interruption by the imposed demands and a decision to switch. To validate our model, it was applied to an illustrative dual task, including a memory game and a subitizing task, and the results were compared with human data. The results demonstrate that our model can provide a relatively accurate representation, in terms of task-switching percent just after the subtask, the number of task-switching during the subtask, and performance time depending on the task difficulty level; it exhibits enhanced performance in predicting human behavior in multitasking and demonstrates how ACT-R facilitates accounts of voluntary task switching.

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