Journal
ALGAE
Volume 36, Issue 1, Pages 13-24Publisher
KOREAN SOC PHYCOLOGY
DOI: 10.4490/algae.2021.36.3.3
Keywords
cryptic diversity; glacial refugia; Gloiopeltis furcata; haplotype; phylogeography; population structure
Categories
Funding
- Jeju National University
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education of Korea [2019R1A6A1A10072987, 2020R1I1A2069706]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2020R1I1A2069706] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The current genetic structure of Gloiopeltis furcata sensu lato in Korea and Japan reveals various lineages with different phylogeographic patterns. Populations in the southern regions show the highest genetic diversity and unique endemism, indicating the existence of a southern refugia and recent migration. These findings suggest significant influence of current circulation patterns and anthropogenic effects on the distribution of this species in the Northwest Pacific.
The present-day genetic structure of macroalgal species reflects both geographical history and oceanic circulation patterns as well as anthropogenic introduction across native ranges. To precisely understand the genetic diversity and how the factors shape the current population structure of Gloiopeltis furcata sensu lato, we determined the mitochondrial 5' end of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI-5P) sequences for 677 individuals sampled from 67 sites spanning almost the entire distribution range in Korea and Japan. Results from the phylogenetic analysis and haplotype distribution revealed eleven distinct lineages within G. furcata s.l. along the Korea-Japan coastal areas and displayed divergent phylogeographic patterns among lineages. Despite the closely related lineages distributed in same habitats as high rocky intertidal zone, they display different phylogeographic patterns among lineages. The populations from the south of Korea-Japan harbored the highest genetic diversity and unique endemism in comparison with other populations in the distribution range. This could be the evidence of southern refugia for G. furcata s.l. in the Northwest (NW) Pacific and the recent migration from native to introduced region. The reason is that an exceptional distribution pattern was found high genetic diversity in Hakodate of Japan where is the northern location in the NW Pacific. Our results imply the contemporary influence on the distribution due to current circulation pattern and anthropogenic effects. These phylogeographic findings provide the important insight into cryptic species diversity and the detailed distribution pattern of Gloiopeltis in the NW Pacific.
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