4.7 Article

Discordant Phylogenomic Placement of Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae Within Piperales Using Data From All Three Genomes

Journal

FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.642598

Keywords

Aristolochiaceae; Hydnora; Prosopanche; Lactoris; Verhuellia; plastome; mitochondrial; nuclear

Categories

Funding

  1. German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
  2. academic exchange office of TU Dresden
  3. Leonardo office Dresden
  4. Erasmus+ [KA107]
  5. People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant [301257]
  6. NSERC Discovery program

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The phylogenetic relationships within the magnoliid order Piperales have been extensively studied, yet the relationships of the monotypic family Lactoridaceae and the holoparasitic Hydnoraceae within the order remain unclear. Extensive phylogenomic reconstructions based on subcellular genomes have led to the proposal of excluding Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae from the broad circumscription of Aristolochiaceae, instead recognizing four distinct families within Piperales.
Phylogenetic relationships within the magnoliid order Piperales have been studied extensively, yet the relationships of the monotypic family Lactoridaceae and the holoparasitic Hydnoraceae to the remainder of the order remain a matter of debate. Since the first confident molecular phylogenetic placement of Hydnoraceae among Piperales, different studies have recovered various contradictory topologies. Most phylogenetic hypotheses were inferred using only a few loci and have had incomplete taxon sampling at the genus level. Based on these results and an online survey of taxonomic opinion, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group lumped both Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae in Aristolochiaceae; however, the latter family continues to have unclear relationships to the aforementioned taxa. Here we present extensive phylogenomic tree reconstructions based on up to 137 loci from all three subcellular genomes for all genera of Piperales. We infer relationships based on a variety of phylogenetic methods, explore instances of phylogenomic discordance between the subcellular genomes, and test alternative topologies. Consistent with these phylogenomic results and a consideration of the principles of phylogenetic classification, we propose to exclude Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae from the broad circumscription of Aristolochiaceae, and instead favor recognition of four monophyletic and morphologically well circumscribed families in the perianth-bearing Piperales: Aristolochiaceae, Asaraceae, Hydnoraceae, and Lactoridaceae, with a total of six families in the order.

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