Journal
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.670775
Keywords
malaria parasite; whole-killed blood-stage vaccine; liver stage; sexual-stage; blood stage
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Funding
- State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81830067, 82072299]
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Whole-parasite vaccines have regained attention due to challenges faced in developing highly efficient subunit malaria vaccines. The whole-killed blood-stage vaccine is advantageous in inducing protective immunity but raises concerns due to the high dose of parasitized red blood cell lysate required. Understanding the major components of the vaccine and developing suitable human-compatible adjuvants will be crucial for optimizing its effectiveness.
Major challenges have been encountered regarding the development of highly efficient subunit malaria vaccines, and so whole-parasite vaccines have regained attention in recent years. The whole-killed blood-stage vaccine (WKV) is advantageous as it can be easily manufactured and efficiently induced protective immunity against a blood-stage challenge, as well as inducing cross-stage protection against both the liver and sexual-stages. However, it necessitates a high dose of parasitized red blood cell (pRBC) lysate for immunization, and this raises concerns regarding its safety and low immunogenicity. Knowledge of the major components of WKV that can induce or evade the host immune response, and the development of appropriate human-compatible adjuvants will greatly help to optimize the WKV. Therefore, we argue that the further development of the WKV is worthwhile to control and potentially eradicate malaria worldwide.
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