Journal
ELIFE
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.62376
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [K22 ES028048, R01 NS112252, R01 NS108445, R01 NS110130]
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Levels of alertness are closely associated with human behavior and cognition, and researchers have successfully extracted a time-resolved marker of alertness from fMRI data alone. This marker can capture behavioral responses to incoming sensory stimuli and predict EEG and behavioral responses during tasks using only a small fraction of fMRI voxels. Additionally, considering alertness seems to enhance the statistical detection of task-activated brain areas.
Levels of alertness are closely linked with human behavior and cognition. However, while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows for investigating whole-brain dynamics during behavior and task engagement, concurrent measures of alertness (such as EEG or pupillometry) are often unavailable. Here, we extract a continuous, time-resolved marker of alertness from fMRI data alone. We demonstrate that this fMRI alertness marker, calculated in a short pre-stimulus interval, captures trial-to-trial behavioral responses to incoming sensory stimuli. In addition, we find that the prediction of both EEG and behavioral responses during the task may be accomplished using only a small fraction of fMRI voxels. Furthermore, we observe that accounting for alertness appears to increase the statistical detection of task-activated brain areas. These findings have broad implications for augmenting a large body of existing datasets with information about ongoing arousal states, enriching fMRI studies of neural variability in health and disease.
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