Journal
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1666
Keywords
ADAR; A‐ to‐ I RNA editing; convergent adaptation; evolution; metazoans; recoding
Categories
Funding
- Joint NSFC-ISF program [3201101147]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2016YFA0500800]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [91731301]
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This article reviews the current knowledge of A-to-I RNA editing in metazoan transcriptomes, focusing on the possible evolutionary driving forces behind the editing events. It covers the evolution of ADAR gene family, recent advances in characterizing editomes of various metazoan species, factors contributing to interspecies differences in editomes, diversifying and restorative effects of editing events on protein sequences, and possible convergent evolution of RNA editing in distantly related clades.
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that converts adenosines to inosines in metazoans' transcriptomes. However, the landscapes of editomes have considerably changed during evolution. Here, we review some of our current knowledge of A-to-I editing in the metazoan transcriptomes, focusing on the possible evolutionary driving forces underlying the editing events. First, we review the evolution of ADAR gene family in animals. Then, we summarize the recent advances in characterizing the editomes of various metazoan species. Next, we highlight several factors contributing to the interspecies differences in editomes, including variations in copy number and expression patterns of ADAR genes, the differences in genomic architectures and contents, and the differences in the efficacy of natural selection. After that, we review the possible diversifying and restorative effects of the editing (recoding) events that change the protein sequences. Finally, we discuss the possible convergent evolution of RNA editing in distantly related clades. This article is categorized under: RNA Evolution and Genomics > RNA and Ribonucleoprotein Evolution RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
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