4.3 Article

A new species of Xylophis Beddome, 1878 (Serpentes: Pareidae) from the southern Western Ghats of India

Journal

VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue -, Pages 219-230

Publisher

STAATLICHES MUSEUM TIERKUNDE DRESDEN
DOI: 10.3897/vz.71.e63986

Keywords

Hemipenis; Kanyakumari; molecular phylogeny; snakes; taxonomy; Xylophiinae

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A new species of Xylophis, Xylophis deepaki sp. nov., is described based on three specimens from southern India, which is most closely related to X. captaini with a genetic distance of 4.2%. The new species is distinguished by its collar shape, number of ventral scales, and lack of flounces on the body and hemipenis lobes.
We reassess the taxonomy of the Indian endemic snake Xylophis captaini and describe a new species of Xylophis based on a type series of three specimens from the southernmost part of mainland India. Xylophis deepaki sp. nov. is most similar phenotypically to X. captaini, with which it was previously confused. The new species differs from X. captaini by having a broader, more regular and ventrally extensive off-white collar, more ventral scales (117-125 versus 102-113), and by lack of flounces on the body and proximal lobes of the hemipenis. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S DNA sequences strongly indicates that the new species is most closely related to X. captaini, differing from it by an uncorrected pairwise genetic distance of 4.2%. A revised key to the species of Xylophis is provided.

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